कर पाना — कर सकना: 'मैं कर सकता हूँ' और 'मैं कर पाया'
I can distinguish being able to do something from managing to do it
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
Entschuldigung, ich schaffe es nicht.
Darf ich hereinkommen?
Ich habe es nicht rechtzeitig geschafft.
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
| सकना | ability or permission | मैं आ सकता हूँ। - I can come. |
| पाना | managing it in the event | मैं आ नहीं पाया। - I didn't manage to come. |
Both take a bare stem. पाना is overwhelmingly used in the negative, and it excuses rather than refuses: नहीं आ सका says you were unable; नहीं आ पाया says it did not work out.
मैं नहीं आ पाऊँगा is the polite way to decline an invitation. मैं नहीं आ सकता is blunter and sounds like a refusal of permission or a statement about capability.
As a full verb पाना means to get or to find: मुझे नौकरी मिली is 'I got a job' with मिलना, but पत्र पाना is to receive a letter.
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses B1 an
ÜbungsaufgabenUsing sakna to decline an invitation, which sounds blunt.
sakna used to decline an invitation
nahin aa paunga is the polite form; use it where Russian says ne poluchitsya.
Infinitive kept before pana
Bare stem, as with sakna: aa paya, never aana paya.
Entschuldigung, ich schaffe es nicht.
The polite decline; sakna here would sound blunt.
Darf ich hereinkommen?
sakna for permission.
Ich habe es nicht rechtzeitig geschafft.
pana reports how it turned out, not what you were capable of.
Im Kurs üben
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses B1 an