खुलना/खोलना, टूटना/तोड़ना — एक ही अर्थ की दो क्रियाएँ
I can choose between the verb that happens and the verb that is done
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
Das Glas zerbrach.
Ich zerbrach das Glas.
Der Laden öffnet um neun.
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
Hindi keeps separate verbs for a thing happening and a person making it happen:
| It happens | Someone does it |
|---|---|
| खुलना - to open | खोलना - to open (something) |
| टूटना - to break | तोड़ना - to break (something) |
| बनना - to be made | बनाना - to make |
| बिकना - to be sold | बेचना - to sell |
| जलना - to burn | जलाना - to burn (something) |
The intransitive member takes no ने: दरवाज़ा खुला. The transitive one does: मैंने दरवाज़ा खोला. Getting the verb wrong therefore breaks the whole sentence, not just one word.
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A2 an
ÜbungsaufgabenUsing the transitive verb for something that happened by itself, which then wrongly demands ne.
Transitive verb used for a spontaneous event
If Russian would use -sya, take the intransitive member.
ne added to an intransitive verb
darvaza khula, never maine darvaza khula.
Das Glas zerbrach.
Intransitive: no agent, so no ne.
Ich zerbrach das Glas.
Transitive: ne appears and the verb agrees with the object.
Der Laden öffnet um neun.
khulna, not kholna: nobody is named as opening it.
Im Kurs üben
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A2 an