कर पाना — कर सकना: 'मैं कर सकता हूँ' और 'मैं कर पाया'
I can distinguish being able to do something from managing to do it
Подивіться на ці приклади. Чи можете ви помітити граматичну закономірність?
Sorry, I won't be able to make it.
May I come in?
I didn't manage to arrive on time.
Зверніть увагу на виділені частини. Що у них спільного?
| सकना | ability or permission | मैं आ सकता हूँ। - I can come. |
| पाना | managing it in the event | मैं आ नहीं पाया। - I didn't manage to come. |
Both take a bare stem. पाना is overwhelmingly used in the negative, and it excuses rather than refuses: नहीं आ सका says you were unable; नहीं आ पाया says it did not work out.
मैं नहीं आ पाऊँगा is the polite way to decline an invitation. मैं नहीं आ सकता is blunter and sounds like a refusal of permission or a statement about capability.
As a full verb पाना means to get or to find: मुझे नौकरी मिली is 'I got a job' with मिलना, but पत्र पाना is to receive a letter.
Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу B1
Вправи для практикиUsing sakna to decline an invitation, which sounds blunt.
sakna used to decline an invitation
nahin aa paunga is the polite form; use it where Russian says ne poluchitsya.
Infinitive kept before pana
Bare stem, as with sakna: aa paya, never aana paya.
Sorry, I won't be able to make it.
The polite decline; sakna here would sound blunt.
May I come in?
sakna for permission.
I didn't manage to arrive on time.
pana reports how it turned out, not what you were capable of.
Практикувати в курсі
Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу B1