इंतज़ार करना, याद रखना — हिंदी की सबसे उपजाऊ रचना
I can build and understand verbs made of a noun plus karna or hona
Podívejte se na tyto příklady. Dokážete rozpoznat gramatický vzorec?
Pomohl jsem mu.
Film začal.
Chvíli počkejte, prosím.
Zaměřte se na zvýrazněné části. Co mají společného?
Hindi has a small stock of simple verbs and builds the rest by pairing a noun or adjective with करना, होना, देना or लेना:
| इंतज़ार करना | to wait | याद करना | to remember, to miss |
| शुरू करना | to begin (something) | शुरू होना | to begin (by itself) |
| पसंद करना | to like (actively) | पसंद आना | to be pleasing |
| मदद करना | to help | तैयार होना | to get ready |
The करना member is transitive and takes ने in the past; the होना member is intransitive and does not:
In the ने construction the verb agrees with that noun: मैंने मदद की - की, because मदद is feminine. This catches people constantly.
Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu B1
Procvičovací cvičeníMaking the verb agree with the object of the whole phrase instead of with the noun inside it.
Verb agreeing with the wrong noun
In maine madad ki, the verb agrees with madad.
karna used where hona is meant
If Russian would add -sya, take the hona member.
Pomohl jsem mu.
ki, because madad is feminine - not because of him.
Film začal.
hona for the intransitive member, as Russian marks it with -sya.
Chvíli počkejte, prosím.
intazar karna is the ordinary word for 'wait'; there is no single verb.
Procvičit v kurzu
Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu B1