कर पाना — कर सकना: 'मैं कर सकता हूँ' और 'मैं कर पाया'
I can distinguish being able to do something from managing to do it
Podívejte se na tyto příklady. Dokážete rozpoznat gramatický vzorec?
Promiňte, nestihnu to.
Můžu dál?
Nestihl jsem přijet včas.
Zaměřte se na zvýrazněné části. Co mají společného?
| सकना | ability or permission | मैं आ सकता हूँ। - I can come. |
| पाना | managing it in the event | मैं आ नहीं पाया। - I didn't manage to come. |
Both take a bare stem. पाना is overwhelmingly used in the negative, and it excuses rather than refuses: नहीं आ सका says you were unable; नहीं आ पाया says it did not work out.
मैं नहीं आ पाऊँगा is the polite way to decline an invitation. मैं नहीं आ सकता is blunter and sounds like a refusal of permission or a statement about capability.
As a full verb पाना means to get or to find: मुझे नौकरी मिली is 'I got a job' with मिलना, but पत्र पाना is to receive a letter.
Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu B1
Procvičovací cvičeníUsing sakna to decline an invitation, which sounds blunt.
sakna used to decline an invitation
nahin aa paunga is the polite form; use it where Russian says ne poluchitsya.
Infinitive kept before pana
Bare stem, as with sakna: aa paya, never aana paya.
Promiňte, nestihnu to.
The polite decline; sakna here would sound blunt.
Můžu dál?
sakna for permission.
Nestihl jsem přijet včas.
pana reports how it turned out, not what you were capable of.
Procvičit v kurzu
Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu B1