कब सादा भूत, कब पूर्ण, कब संयुक्त क्रिया
I can choose the aspect that carries the nuance I mean
Podívejte se na tyto příklady. Dokážete rozpoznat gramatický vzorec?
Spořádal všechno jídlo.
Už jsem jedl, děkuji.
Přišel, poseděl a odešel.
Zaměřte se na zvýrazněné části. Co mají společného?
| उसने खाया। | plain statement of fact |
| उसने खा लिया। | finished, done with, for himself |
| उसने खाया है। | and the result still holds |
| वह खा चुका है। | already, and so no more is needed |
All four are correct. The choice is not grammatical but rhetorical.
खा लिया says the eating was completed to the eater's benefit; खा डाला says it was polished off wholesale. The vector is where a Hindi speaker puts the attitude that a Russian would put in a prefix or an adverb.
Story-telling runs on the simple perfective, with compound verbs at the moments that matter. Using compounds throughout flattens the narrative rather than enriching it.
Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu C1
Procvičovací cvičeníUsing compound verbs in every sentence, which flattens the narrative.
Compound verb in every sentence
Narrative runs on plain perfectives; vectors mark the turning points.
Choosing the form before deciding the nuance
Compose the nuance in Russian first, then pick the Hindi form.
Spořádal všechno jídlo.
dalna adds wholesale completion, like the prefix u- in umyal.
Už jsem jedl, děkuji.
chukna where Russian would say uzhe.
Přišel, poseděl a odešel.
Plain perfectives carrying a narrative; the vector appears only at the end.
Procvičit v kurzu
Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu C1